Higher education in Tunisia is a largely effective and well-performing system. Yet the doubling of enrollments expected over the next ten years will create obstacles that may prevent it from playing the role expected of it by a society and economy in rapid transformation. This study identifies some of these obstacles and suggests a series of coordinated countermeasures. Some suggestions include building a system that would eliminate the disadvantages of rigid student assignments, ensuring greater decentralization of decisionmaking for universities, allocating results-oriented resources and providing greater autonomy in funding management, financing expansion of the system, separating teaching and research, and improving educator training and evaluation services.